Floyd Rose Tremolos for Left Hand Guitars: Proprietary versions
- Gaskell Guitars Australia
- Feb 5
- 54 min read
Updated: 17 hours ago
NOTE: The following information is the definitive guide on Floyd Rose tremolos (and variants) with a special (but not exclusive) emphasis on left-handed guitars: genuine, licensed, and proprietary - past and present. Nowhere else on the internet will you find all this information in one place.
This article is in five parts:
Part 1: Original and Genuine Floyd Rose (Floyd Rose, Fernandes, Schaller, Sung-il, Ping Well)
Part 2: OEM Producers (Schaller, Kahler, Gotoh, Takeuchi, Ping Well, Jin Ah)
Part 3: Proprietary Versions (Kahler, Fernandes, Ibanez, St. Louis Music, Aria Pro II, Yamaha, ESP, Jackson-Charvel, Kaman Music Corporation)
Part 4: The Asian OEM Pool ("Korean Catalog", "Chinese Catalog")
Part 5: No-Names, Fakes, Unknowns, and Never Left Handed
Kahler
In 1981 Gary Kahler of American Precision Metal Works released a guitar bridge system that would later become the famous Kahler cam-based tremolo system. Besides his own system, Kahler developed three double locking, fulcrum tremolo systems: the Kahler Steeler which was Kahler's licensed Original Floyd Rose tremolo, the Kahler Killer, and the Kahler Spyder, both of which were proprietary systems that incorporated both Floyd Rose and Kahler technologies. All were made in the USA. The Steeler, Killer, and Spyder were collectively called the 2700 Series. All three were available in left-hand, though some models were limited to custom orders or specific brand partnerships. (The Kahler Steeler is covered in Part One: Floyd Rose Tremolos for Lefties: OEM Producers)
Kahler did not have any competitor other than Floyd Rose during the 1980s but legal challenges, combined with aggressive market positioning by Floyd Rose pushed Kahler out of the business in the 1990s.
2710 Killer
(1985–1992)
Status: Discontinued
The Kahler 2710 Killer was a further development of the Floyd Rose double-locking design. It incorporated finger-locking saddles, which eliminated the need to cut off the ball ends of the strings or lock the saddles with tools. This unit had more advanced intonation adjustability than an Original Floyd Rose, and string spacing could be adjusted.
Carvin Guitars, a prolific user of Kahler tremolos throughout the 1980s, adopted the Killer in 1989 before switching to Floyd Rose systems from 1990. The Killer came standard on select Westone guitars in 1989.
In 2024 Gary Kahler stated this tremolo would never be reintroduced as it was too expensive to produce.
2720 Spyder
(1988–1992, 2024– present)
Status: Discontinued 1992, Reintroduced 2024
The original 2720 Spyder tremolo from the 1980s utilized Kahler patents but was still visually similar to an Original Floyd Rose. There were three versions: the 2722 (Wrench-locking model), the 2731 (Finger-locking model), and the 2750 (Non-locking model.)
Unlike a Floyd Rose, its shared baseplate used replaceable slotted inserts that pivot on the studs. The studs could be rotated instead of having to be replaced, unlike those with knife-edges. The Kahler Auto Latch was an optional fitting to the block that allowed one to switch the tremolo from floating to fixed via the tremolo arm. The Spyder will not fit in a Floyd Rose rout.
The Spyder was primarily developed for Fender's HM Series superstrats that were built between 1988 and 1992. Peavey and B.C Rich were also prominent users. Peavey and B.C Rich made left-handed guitars, Fender did not.
Left-hand guitars were produced with this tremolo, but the left-hand units were simply upside-down right-hand units with a new hole drilled into the opposite side of the baseplate to accommodate the lefty tremolo arm. Although visually and cosmetically jarring, functionality was not affected.
The 1988–1991 lefty Peavey Tracer came standard with the Spyder tremolo. More examples include this 1987 USA Custom Shop lefty Warlock, this 1987 USA Custom Shop lefty B.C Rich ST-III, and this left-handed B.C Rich ST-III from the same era.
After an absence of 32 years Gary Kahler re-released the Spyder in 2024 as part of his new 2700 Series fulcrum tremolos. The Spyders are being assembled from new old stock parts and will be sold until all are gone. The Kahler Auto Latch is offered again on the Spyder.
Steeler Traditional / Steeler Professional
(2024– present)
Status: Current
In 2024, Gary Kahler announced a return to producing fulcrum-based guitar tremolos after an absence of 32 years. Kahler's earlier licensed Floyd Rose tremolo, the Steeler, was often sold as an OEM licensed tremolo in the 1980s and early 1990s and was highly acclaimed by guitar players and guitar builders.
The Steeler was re-released in 2024 as two distinct models: the Steeler Traditional and the Steeler Professional. Both feature significant engineering upgrades and are now fully proprietary products. However, it should be noted that they are using 35-year-old N.O.S baseplates from the 1990s.
The Steeler Traditional is the most like the classic Floyd Rose design with modifications that include easier saddle intonation, adjustable tremolo arm height and arm clutch, thumb blocks to help keep the strings centred on their saddles, and domed tuners.
With the Steeler Professional you don't have to cut the ball ends off the strings, yet it is still double-locking. Both can be used with the Kahler Auto-Latch.
There are four block options, two of which are solid brass and designed to be convertible from 32mm, 37mm, and 42mm with the use of special Brass Stacker Plates that come with every block. They will fit both versions.
Fernandes 1981–1985 (Floyd Rose contract period)
Fernandes Co. Ltd. of Japan was the original contracted supplier of genuine Floyd Rose tremolos, including the prototypes and first production models.
As covered in Part One of this series, Fernandes was primarily a design, marketing, and distribution company, not a manufacturer itself. It relied on a network of contracted manufacturers and factories to build their products. Gotoh was its primary supplier of metal parts.
From 1969 they began marketing Fender-style guitars under the "Fernandes" brand and Gibson-style guitars under the "Burny" brand. Over time Fernandes expanded beyond guitars and began marketing electronics, replacement parts and accessories.
In 1972, the company established Osaka Fernandes Co., Ltd. to handle wholesale, distribution, and sales support. Fernandes Co., Ltd. served as the primary brand holder and product developer, focusing on design, licensing deals with artists, and oversight of outsourced manufacturing, while Osaka Fernandes Co., Ltd. managed the supply chain for Fernandes electric guitars, basses, amplifiers, and effects pedals, handling domestic retail distribution and exports, such as those to the United States.
FRT-2 / Head Banker
Status: Discontinued
In 1981, Floyd Rose contracted Fernandes to mass-produce his double-locking tremolo system. The first model was designated FRT-1. Using Gotoh to manufacture parts and complete units, Fernandes supplied the FRT-1 to Rose in the United States. At the same time, Fernandes developed its own version of it as the FRT-2, which appeared alongside the FRT-1 in the 1982 Fernandes catalog. Unlike the FRT-1, it does not have insert blocks or locking saddles. It is a string-through bridge where the strings are fed from the bottom through the block and do not need the ball ends cut off.
This bridge was not marketed outside of Japan. While the FRT-1 was explicitly stated in the catalog as being "available right-handed and left-handed," the FRT-2 was not. Despite both being advertised, only the FRT-1 was offered on Fernandes guitars for 1982.
Left handed availability for 1982
Up until 1982, Fernandes’ left-handed guitar policy was a general statement that left-handed guitars could be produced, but not regularly. Catalogs only noted what models from the lineup were not orderable. Batches were undertaken only when enough orders had accumulated to warrant a run. If a model was not available at the time of order, it could be a 3 to 4-month wait. All left-handed guitars were priced 20% higher than right-handed models.
Volume 2 of the 1982 Fernandes-Burny catalog included for the first time a Colour Chart for the entire lineup, including a dedicated column in the table for left‑handed availability. With the exception of one model, every Fernandes and Burny model listed in the table was marked as available for left‑handed ordering.
From 1983, the FRT-2 was advertised in Fernandes catalogs as the "Fernandes Tremolo System Head Banker." Fernandes catalogs state that the Head Banker featured on the following guitars:
1982: None.
1983: FST-95, FST-80, FST-75, FST-90H, and FST-50 superstrat range, and EX-95 Explorer.
1984: FST-65 and FST-95 superstrats, BSV-70 Flying V, and EX-85 Explorer.
1985: BSV-60 Flying V, and the BX-60 and EXP-60 Explorer models.
Left handed availability for 1983
The left-handed ordering disclaimer on Page 38 in Volume 1 of the 1983 Fernandes-Burny catalog was revised to clearly specify which guitars from the lineup were orderable as left-handed versions. Models marked with a ※ symbol in their column were the accepted models produced in periodic runs. Models that Fernandes was not willing to produce were marked with a — symbol in their column. The remaining models with blank columns could still be special ordered, if accepted. Whether production models or special orders, all left-handed guitars incurred a 20% upcharge, and an expected 3-4 month wait, but it could be longer depending on the model and parts availability.
The chart's left-handed availability column listed five Burny and two Fernandes models as limited-run production models, however none with Floyd Rose systems or Fernandes' own Head Banker. Unmarked Head Banker models for 1983 (which could therefore be ordered left-handed) were the FST-95, FST-80, FST-75, FST-90H, FST-50, and EX-95.
Left handed availability for 1984
The ordering procedure on page 46 of the 1984 Fernandes-Burny catalog was the same as for 1983. 13 models from the lineup were marked as not orderable, including the Floyd Rose FST-115 and Head banker FST-95. 10 models between the two brands were marked as production models. Of those, only the FST-65 from the lineup came with the Head Banker FRT-2. Unmarked models could still be special ordered, if accepted. Head Banker models in that category were the EX-85, and BSV-70. Here is an example of a 1984 left-handed EX-85L with Head Banker tremolo, and here is another 1984 left handed Fernandes EX-85L.
Head Crasher FRT-6
(1985–1989)
Status: Discontinued
In 1985, Fernandes introduced its second in-house design: the Head Crasher FRT-6. This was a single locking tremolo bridge with fine tuners in which the ball ends of the strings do not need to be cut off. Instead, it has horizontal tubes that screw into the saddle assemblies. The strings are fed through the tubes and out and over the saddles. The ends of the tubes are flared to seat the ball ends of the strings and are slotted to take a flat-head screwdriver. The forward part of the saddle assembly was stepped. It had "Head Crasher" etched into the baseplate and no licensing inscriptions.
The Head Crasher was introduced in the 1985 Fernandes-Burny catalog alongside the Japanese FRT-7, which was Fernandes' version of the Floyd Rose final “whale tail” design that Schaller had been independently manufacturing for Kramer and Rose since late 1983 and for which Fernandes had no domestic equivalent during 1984.
The Head Crasher and FRT-7 share the same baseplate shape and swept-back tail. Both also feature oval arches between where the forks meet the top of the tail, in contrast to the square arches found on the Schaller.
Coincidentally, the Head Crasher is the same concept as the single-locking Floyd Rose II but predates its release by almost two years.
The Head Crasher was available only in Japan and featured in the 1985 Fernandes catalog on the FST-65, FST-135, and FST-125 superstrats, and the BSV-70 Flying V and the BX-70 Explorer. It was also used on the 1985 Burny RSC-100 (Les Paul replica.) It was also used by ESP on their Japan-only Kramer Japan JK Series introduced in 1985 and by Kawai on some of their Rockoon-branded superstrat guitars in the same year.
1985 Left-handed availability
The 1985 catalog further modified the ordering system by expanding the order categories: models marked with ● were the official production models, models marked with ▲ were the custom orders, and models marked with × were not orderable. Remaining models with blank columns could still be ordered if they passed a feasibility check. All left-handed guitars continued to be 20% more expensive than their right-handed equivalents.
The FST-65 was the only production model for 1985 with the Head Crasher FRT-6.
Special order models included several models with the new FRT-7, and only the BSV-70 with Head Crasher FRT-6.
Examples include this white 1985 left-handed BSV-70, this red 1985 left-handed FST-65, this white 1985 left-handed FST-65, this black 1985 left-handed FST-65L (which I now own), each with the Fernandes Head Crasher FRT-6.
Fernandes "Head Crasher Tremolo System" 1986–1987
Fernandes' contract with Floyd Rose ended sometime in 1985, by which time Kramer had already dominated the U.S. market with its exclusive rights to use Floyd Rose systems on its guitars. Fernandes immediately took the name of its Head Crasher FRT-6 tremolo and rebranded its entire range to the "Head Crasher Tremolo System". Thereafter, the company produced licensed Floyd Rose units and developed proprietary tremolos for its own range of guitars.
1985 marked Fernandes’ final year of production of the Floyd Rose non‑fine‑tuner FRT‑3 and the Fernandes Head Banker FRT‑2.
The new Head Crasher range debuted in the 1986 Fernandes catalog. 1986 also saw the introduction of the new "Fernandes Revolver" (FR) Series", which was Fernandes' range of Ibanez and Jackson-style superstrats. The FR Series had its own headstock shape and came standard with Head Crasher tremolos. For the first several years the FR Series came with pickguards.
New FRT-9 and new FRT-7
Status: Discontinued
In 1986, Fernandes introduced a system incorporating a plate that mounted into the bridge recess of the guitar, into which the tremolo fitted. By way of a lever, it locked the bridge, thereby turning the bridge from floating to fixed. Fernandes called it the Floating Lock System. The Head Crasher FRT-6 with this system became the new Head Crasher FRT-9, and the Head Crasher FRT-7 (Japanese version of Schaller final Floyd Rose design) with this system became the new Head Crasher FRT-7. The upper knife edge of the new FRT-7 changed to a straight edge, coincidentally also a feature shared on the Edge tremolo produced by Gotoh for Ibanez in the same year. The Head Crasher FRT-6 otherwise remained unchanged. All three models had "Head Crasher" etched on the upper baseplate with "U.S. Pats 4497236" on a second line.
The new Head Crasher FRT‑7 with the bridge locking mechanism was not optioned for any left-handed guitars. It was otherwise used for the flagship Revolver FR‑120 superstrat, the FST‑90, FST‑55, and the JS‑100 Randy Rhoads V from the main lineup.
The new Head Crasher FRT‑9 was likewise reserved only for right-handed guitars, as used on the FR‑75, BSV‑70 Flying V, BX‑70 Explorer, JS‑90 Randy Rhoads V, and the high‑end Grand Function STF‑135 and STF‑150 Strat replicas.
The existing Head Crasher FRT‑6 was limited to the FST‑65 and STJ‑75 superstrats, and the Burny RSC-100 Les Paul replica.
Body Crasher FRT-8
(1986–1990)
Status: Discontinued
Also new for 1986 was the Body Crasher FRT-8 tremolo. Unlike the FRT‑2 Head Banker and FRT‑6 Head Crasher, the FRT‑8 was sourced from an OEM rather than being an in‑house design. It appears Fernandes was not the first to use it.
The Body Crasher is not like any original Floyd Rose system. It is a very simplistic string-through tremolo with fine tuners that screw vertically on six individually pivoting arms through which each of the strings feed through horizontally and are seated there without having to cut the ball ends off. String tension holds the arms down and the vertical fine tuners work by raising or lowering the arms on its hinges when you turn them. On this tremolo the tremolo bar screws into the block.
Early Fernandes models had no stamping of any kind and later ones were etched with "Body Crasher" on the baseplate. There are no Floyd Rose acknowledgements anywhere. This tremolo would become the longest running tremolo for Fernandes, remaining in use until 1994.
The Body Crasher was introduced on the 1986 FR-55, a 24" scale superstrat in the new FR Series. The Body Crasher was also used on the 1986 BSV-60 (Flying V), and BX-60 (Explorer) models.
Other users included:
Fresher. This little-known Japanese guitar brand, whose last year of production was 1985, may have been the first brand to feature the Body Crasher. It appears in the 1985 Fresher catalog as the "Sound Crasher." It was used on their FS-450 Strat model. Fresher guitars were built by Chushin Gakki.
Kawai. In the 1980s Kawai produced its own line of guitars under the Rockoon brand. Its RGT-50S and RGT-50H models from 1985 used the Body Crasher. In Rockoon catalogs it was noted as the “Rockoon Roller.” These two models continued to be built with this vibrato unit until at least 1990. Kawai was the main manufacturer of Fernandes guitars and the 1985 Rockoon RGT models also used Fernandes “Dog Fighter” pickups.
Aria Pro II. In Aria Pro II catalogs it is referred to as the "ART-2." Aria Pro II guitars were exclusively built by Matsumoku. An example is this left handed 1986 Aria Pro II Mega Metal Stage III. After Matsumoku’s closure the ART-2 continued to be used on some Aria Pro II guitars built subsequently in Korea.
Yamaha. Some RGX Series superstrat guitars introduced in 1987, made at Yamaha's Kaohsiung factory in Taiwan, came with the Body Crasher. It was referred to by Yamaha as the "RMX" tremolo. Left-handed models exist.
1986 Left handed availability
In 1986, the left-hand guitar policy remained unchanged, but the ordering categories were reduced to just two: production models, and special orders. The rest of the catalog was not available for ordering at all.
Production left-handed guitars with Head Crasher systems in 1986 were the FST-65 with Head Crasher FRT-6, and the FR-55, BSV-60 (Flying V), and BX-60 (Explorer) with Body Crasher FRT-8. Although additional models were marked for special ordering in 1986, none were Head Crasher-equipped models.
Surviving examples from 1986 include this Candy Apple Red left-handed FST-65 (serial number L021906), this white left-handed FST-65 (serial number L026612) incorrectly noted as a 1988 model, this white left-handed FR-55 (serial number L034480), and this black left-handed FR-55 (serial number L121153.)
Fernandes "FRT Tremolo System" 1987–1997
From 1987, the entire range of Fernandes tremolos was renamed "FRT Tremolo System." At this time, Fernandes had fully distanced itself from its Floyd Rose origins and was well into further developing its own unique proprietary tremolos. The new range was featured in the 1987 Fernandes catalog.
With Matsumoku closing its doors at the beginning of 1987, manufacturing of Burny’s Gibson‑style replicas moved primarily to Dyna Gakki for the main, with some production also handled by FujiGen Gakki, which already had over a decade of experience making Gibson replicas for Greco. (Incidentally, just a year later, FujiGen began official production of Gibson and Epiphone guitars for the Japanese market.) Fernandes guitars continued to be manufactured by Kawai.
A major addition to the FR Series introduced in 1987 was the FR-65. This 25.5" scale guitar came with a 2-point mini-switch located between the Volume and Tone knobs that when engaged "cancels" the volume pot, allowing the signal to go from the pickups straight to the output jack. It allows a player to set their volume knob to a lower level for "backing" (rhythm) and then hit the switch to instantly jump to "lead" (solo) volume without turning a knob. Also new for 1987 was a single pickup version of the FR-55, marketed as the FR-50.
Head Crasher FRT-4 rename and new Head Crasher FRT-5
(1987–1988)
Status: Discontinued
In 1987 the Head Crasher FRT-7 was reintroduced without the bridge lock and updated with the stepped front saddle blocks from the Head Crasher FRT-6. This became the new Head Crasher FRT-4. Adding saddle height adjustability to the original FRT-7 became the new Head Crasher FRT-5. The bridge-locking FRT-7 and FRT-9 continued to be advertised.
The FRT-7, new FRT-4, and new FRT-5 all retained the straight upper knife edge introduced the year before. The Head Crasher FRT-6 and Body Crasher FRT-8 remained unchanged.
Per the 1987 catalog, the bridge‑locking FRT‑7 was reserved only for the top-of-the-line FR‑120 superstrat.
The new Head Crasher FRT-5 with saddle height adjustment was used on the new 1987 STJ-120 "New Metal Version" superstrat, the FST-80, STF-115, and STF-125 superstrats, and the JS-100 Randy Rhoads V. Several models from the "Musician's Versions" also featured the new FRT-5, namely the WG-120CG (Warlock), and JS-115RC (Randy Rhoads V.)
The new Head Crasher FRT-4 was used on the new FR-65, and the FST-65 from the main lineup, the new STJ-90 and STJ-85 "New Metal Version" superstrats, the BSV-70 Flying V, BXV-70 Explorer, and the ST-120WM superstrat from the "Musician's Versions."
The Head Crasher FRT-9 was used on the FR-75.
The Head Crasher FRT-6 was used on the new "New Metal Version" STJ-75 and new STC-70 superstrats, and the FGJ-85RC (Firebird), BX-80J (Explorer), and BSV-80J (Flying V) from the "Musicians Versions".
The Body Crasher FRT-8 continued to be used on the FR-55 and the new FR-50.
1987 Left handed availability
As per page 71 of the 1987 catalog, select models from the full lineup continued to be made available in periodic runs, but the option to custom‑order a guitar was withdrawn. The ordering disclaimer was updated as follows:
② サウスポーギターについて
●印のもの／ロット生産していますが、常時生産して おりませんので。機種によっては在庫のない場合が あります。その場合は、約3ヶ月-4ヶ月の納期が必要 となります。定価は、本体定価の20％アップになります。 | ② About Left-Handed Guitars
Items marked with a ● are produced in batches and are not manufactured continuously. Depending on the model, there may be no stock available. In such cases, a delivery time of approximately 3 to 4 months is required. The price will be 20% higher than the standard list price. |
〈注〉空白の欄のものは受付けしておりません。 | Note: Unmarked items are not accepted for ordering. |
●左用はMODELによってパーツ仕様が若干異な る事が有りますので、あらかじめご了承ください。 | Please note that for left-handed models, parts specifications may vary slightly depending on the MODEL. |
A total of seven guitars (no basses or Burny models) were listed for 1987. Those with FRT tremolo systems were the FST-65 (with new FRT-4), the FR-65 (with new FRT-4), and the FR-55 (with Body Crasher FRT-8). Note. After 1987, the FR-55 ceased having a pickguard.
Here is an example of a 1987 left-handed FST-65L with FRT-4 tremolo and original Fernandes pickups. To complicate matters further, here is a 'should-not-exist' example of a left-handed STC-70, single-pickup superstrat from the limited "New Metal Version" series produced only in 1987 and 1988. It has the Head Crasher FRT-6.
The 1987 Fernandes and Burny ranges were carried over into Volume 1 of the 1988 catalog, which was published in December 1987. The ordering disclaimer and list of available left-handed models also remained the same.
Redesigned FRT-7, FRT-5, and FRT-4
(1988–1989, 1988-1989, 1988–1996)
Status: Discontinued
In early 1988, the FRT-7 (with bridge lock), FRT-5 (with saddle height adjustability), and FRT-4 (without saddle height adjustability), were each redesigned to reposition the fine tuners horizontally. Each had "FERNANDES" printed in white lettering across the top of their tails and "FRT TREMOLO SYSTEM" embossed on its upper baseplate. Both knife edges reverted to being rounded again. Their blocks had a sticker on them saying "Made in Korea."
The FRT-6 and Body Crasher FRT-8 remained unchanged and the FRT-9 (FRT-6 with bridge lock) was dropped.
The new FRT range was introduced in Volume 2 of the 1988 Fernandes-Burny catalog, published in March 1988.
Volume 2 introduced new models in the FR series: a long-scale (25.5") version of the FR-55 with a coil tap on the bridge pickup and no pickguard, released as the FR-55T; a fixed-bridge superstrat with two singe coil pickups and mini switches allowing for several coil tap options, released as the FR-50, but entirely unrelated to the FR‑50 model from the previous year. The new FR-65MIDI turned the FR-65 into a dedicated guitar controller featuring a permanently mounted pickup and output jack specifically for the PITCHRIDER 7000 MARK II MIDI system. Fernandes also expanded its Burny range in 1988 to include a new range of Strat-style guitars, marketed under the RS (Rock Strat) line.
The new bridge‑locking FRT‑7 with horizontal fine tuners was featured only on the top-of-the-line 1988 FR‑120 superstrat.
The new FRT‑5 with horizontal fine tuners and saddle height adjustability was featured on the top-of-the-line 1988 "Grand Function" STF-125 and STF-115 superstrats, the FST-80, the "New Metal Version" STJ-120 superstrat, and the JS-100 Randy Rhoads V.
The new FRT-4 tremolo with horizontal fine tuners was featured on the 1988 FR-85, FR‑75, FR‑65, FR-65MIDI, and FST‑65 superstrats; and on the BSV‑70 Flying V, the BX‑70 Explorer and the "New Metal Version" STJ‑75 superstrat.
The Head Crasher FRT‑6 featured on the new TEJ-85 Telecaster, and the Burny RSC-100 Les Paul.
The Body Crasher FRT-8 continued to be used on the regular 1988 FR-55, and the new FR-50 and FR-55T superstrats.
1988 Left handed availability
The list of production left‑handed guitars for 1988 was expanded to 11 guitars, including two basses and two of the new Burny Strat models. Of these, the FRT‑equipped models were the FST‑65 (with new FRT-4), FR‑65 (with new FRT-4), FR‑55 (Body Crasher FRT-8), and the new FR‑55T (with Body Crasher FRT-8.) This white left-handed FR-55T could be a 1988 or 1989 model.
1989 Lineup
1989 saw new models added in the FR and FST series: The new FR‑55X was a 25.5" scale alternative to the FR‑55T, but with HSH pickups and no pickguard. The 1989 FST Series saw the introduction of the FST-85, sitting below the flagship FST-125 which came with the Head Crasher FRT-5; and the FST-55, sitting below the FST-65, which came with the Body Crasher FRT-8. 1989 was the last year of the "New Metal Versions."
1989 Left-handed availability
In Volume 1 of the 1989 catalog a total of 11 models were listed as available left-handed, with the number of FRT-equipped models expanded from the year before to include the FST-65 (with new FRT-4), FST-55 (with Body Crasher FRT-8), the FR-65 (with new FRT-4), and the FR-55X, FR-55T, and FR-55 (each with the Body Crasher FRT-8). The FST and FR Series continued to be built by Kawai in Japan.
Examples include this black 1989 left-handed FR-65L (which I now own) with the FRT-4, and this white 1989 left-handed FR-55TL with the Body Crasher FRT-8.
Updated FRT-8
(1990–1997)
From 1990, the "Body Crasher" name was no longer used for the FRT-8, and the baseplate was instead marked "FRT TREMOLO SYSTEM" to align with the rest of the range. According to a former Fernandes employee, the company "changed factories" for the manufacturing of the FRT-8 at this time. Visually, there is a change to the shape of the baseplate, and the saddles are a bit different. This version was made in Korea. It continued to be the standard bridge on the FR-55, FST-55, and their variants.
Here is an excellent video from YouTube user WatchWatchBoi showing a close up and detailed explanation of a left-handed revised 1990+ FRT-8:
1990 Lineup
For 1990 the FR-55 went from being a 24" scale guitar to a 25.5" scale guitar, in effect replacing the FR-55T. It also no longer had a pick guard.
The FR Series was expanded in 1990 with new models that first appeared in Volume 2 of the 1989 catalog, published in October of that year. These were the FR-50, with the HSS pickups and 24" scale length of the original FR-55, and the FR-50X with HSH pickups and a 25.5" scale length. Both featured the revised FRT-8 tremolo. The FR-55 also gained a coil-tap. The new FR-65X was marketed as "a custom version [of the FR-65] with a 'harder' concept." However, in reality, it was really just the FR-65 without the Direct Switch. The standard FR-65 also lost its Direct Switch but gained an extra blade humbucker. Also new for 1990 was the FR-100, sitting below the flagship FR-120 with 9V battery-powered "F.G.I Technology-S" pickups.
The follow-up 1990 catalog was a repeat of Volume 2 of the 1989 catalog. 1990 was the last year of the FST Series.
Only the FRT-4 and the FRT-8 were featured on Fernandes tremolo-equipped guitars in 1990:
The FRT-4 was used across the entire 1990 Fernandes lineup and appeared on the top-of-the-range FR‑120 and FST‑120 superstrats, the FST‑80, FR‑75, FR‑65, FR‑65X, and FR-100 superstrats, the JS‑100 Randy Rhoads V, the "Special Edition" WG-112 (Warlock), STJ-120 (superstrat), BSV-65 (Flying V), and BX-65 (Explorer); and the TEJ-85 (Telecaster.) It also featured on the "Pro Model" TE-360HT (double-neck Telecaster body), LC-220YS (Les Paul) and FV-200T (Flying V); and on the "Musician's License Model" ST-75NT (superstrat) and new Burny LC-100YS (Les Paul).
The FRT-8 continued to be used on the FST-50, FST-55, FR-55; and the new FR-50 and FR-50X superstrats.
1990 Left-handed availability
For 1990, the number of Fernandes models eligible for left-handed ordering was reduced to eight, as noted on page 93 of that year's catalog. The reduced offerings were actually first noted in the October 1989 catalog. Of those with FRT Tremolo Systems, only the new FR-50X and the FR-50 were listed for 1990.
FRT Tremolo range 1991–1993
From 1991until 1993, the FRT Tremolo System range for Fernandes and Burny guitars consisted solely of the FRT-4 and FRT-8. As in previous years, the entry-level FST-55 and FR-55 came with the FRT-8, while all other FRT-equipped Fernandes models came with the FRT-4. The Burny higher-spec RS series Strat-style guitars also came with the FRT-4 for these years, distinguishing them from the lower‑tier RS models that otherwise came with the FRT‑8. These Burny Strats were never offered left-handed.
1991 left handed availability
In 1991, Fernandes updated its left-handed ordering policy, restricting production to a set list of models from its broader lineup. All subsequent catalogs carried a standardized disclaimer noting that left-handed production remained irregular, with only wait times, the approved model list, and the number of available guitars subject to change.
This "set menu" approach limited the range of guitars Fernandes was willing to offer at a time when the company had launched the hugely popular Fernandes Sustainer system, as well as opening a U.S. office. These changes marked the beginning of the end of Fernandes' formerly modest but considerate lefty support.
■ サウスポーギターについて
下記の機種については、左用の生産をしております。ただし、常時生産しておりませんので、機種によっては在庫のない場合があります。その場合、目安として約3ヶ月〜4ヶ月の納期が必要となります。定価は、本体定価の20％アップです。 | ■ Regarding Left-Handed Guitars
We produce left-handed versions of the models listed below. However, these are not manufactured regularly, so depending on the model, there may be no stock available. In such cases, please allow approximately 3 to 4 months for delivery. Additionally, the price will be 20% higher than the listed base price. |
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For 1991, seven guitars were listed as production left-handed guitars, with the FR-65 (with FRT-4) and FR-55 (with FRT-8) as the only FRT-equipped models. And just to throw a spanner in the works: here is an example of a non-catalog Metallic Purple 1991(?) left-handed FST-55. (Incidentally, 1991 was the first year that Japanese left-handed guitarist Hisashi Imai's signature BT-480MM model appeared in the main pages of the catalog, explicitly stated as being also available left-handed, and priced the same as the right-handed model. It was not one of the models listed on the set list of production left-handed guitars.)
1992 left-handed availability
In 1992, the overall left-handed models list was reduced to five, with the FR-65 and FR-55 again the only FRT-equipped models offered. (The Hisashi Imai BT-480MM was again featured independently in the catalog with left-handed option.)
1993 left-handed availability
The 1993 catalog lineup was a repeat of 1992, again with five left-handed production models in total, and again only the FR-65 (with FRT-4) and FR-55 (with FRT-8) as the FRT-equipped choices. Surviving examples include this Metallic Black 1993 left-handed FR-65, and this Metallic Violet 1993 left-handed FR-55. (The Hisashi Imai model was not listed as available left-handed in 1993.) 1993 was also the debut of the Fernandes Sustainer, enabling "infinite sustain." Simply put, it uses magnetic force from a dedicated driver at the front pickup position to forcibly vibrate the strings, creating a feedback effect similar to what was previously only obtainable between an amp and a guitar at high volumes. Alas, lefties would be denied this hugely popular technology for the next 10 years.
Takeuchi FRT5-PRO (TRS-PRO)
(1994–2004)
Status: Discontinued
In 1994, Fernandes adopted the Takeuchi TRS-PRO low-profile licensed tremolo, thus bringing the total number of FRT systems in use back to three. The unit was designated FRT5-PRO for Fernandes and was stamped with "FRT Tremolo System" and "FRT5-PRO-TRS" on the baseplate and "Licensed Under Floyd Rose Pats." on the tail. This became the standard bridge thereafter for the FR Series. The FRT-4 continued to be offered on higher-spec Fernandes guitars, the Burny RS series, and the 1994+ Burny H-85S "Killer Whale" (sold in the USA as the "Vertigo"). At the same time, the FRT-8 was renamed FRT-8PRO.
1994 left-handed availability
There were no changes to the left-handed models list in 1994. By this time, Fernandes had largely outsourced entry‑level production to Korea. Its recent track record made it obvious that the company wasn't interested in offering left-handed models beyond the brand’s basic core models. FRT-equipped left-handed models for 1994 consisted of the FR-65 and FR-55 again, both with the new FRT5-TRS-PRO. Here is an example of a 1994 black left-handed FR-55.
Left-handed availability for 1995
There were no changes to the list of production left-handed guitars in the 1995 catalog, with the FR-65 and FR-55 remaining the only FRT-equipped models.
In 1995, Fernandes introduced the TGR-1 Tone Generator, an active onboard circuit powered by a 9V battery. Activated via a push-pull dummy tone knob, the TGR-1 provides a specialized mid-range boost that replicates a wah-wah pedal parked in a half-open position. Pulling the knob engages the effect, while rotating it clockwise sweeps the frequency to produce a sharper, treblier lead tone. It was featured on the 1995 FR-55 and FR-65.
Here is an immaculate (N.O.S) example of a Turquoise Metallic 1995 left-handed FR-55. This is another 1995 left-handed FR-55 in the same colour. (Note. I own this guitar. I bought it in 2025. The TGR-1 feature is quite interesting. When it is off, the tone control does nothing.)
Left-handed availability for 1996
The FRT-4 tremolo was discontinued for 1996, leaving the Takeuchi FRT5-PRO-TRS and the FRT8-PRO as the only FRT Tremolo systems for Fernandes and Burny guitars.
The FR-55 and FR-65 remained the only FRT-equipped production left-handed models, both with the FRT5-PRO-TRS. 1996 was the last year of the TGR-1 Tone Generator, featured only on the FR-55.
Post–1997: End of proprietary systems
Gotoh GE1996T (Fernandes FRT-10)
(1997–2024)
Status : Current
From 1997, Fernandes dropped all proprietary tremolo bridges and adopted the Gotoh GE1996T as an OEM-supplied bridge for the higher end of their lineup while retaining the Takeuchi FRT5-PRO-TRS for mid-level guitars, including the FR Series. The GE1996T is a high-quality, Floyd Rose licensed unit known for its hardened-steel baseplate and saddles, brass sustain block, and a patented stud-lock mechanism that prevents the tremolo posts from shifting. (The GE1996T is covered in detail in Part 2: Floyd Rose Tremolos for Left-Hand Guitars: OEM Producers.)
In the Fernandes naming convention, the GE1996T was designated as the "FRT-10." It had "FERNANDES" stamped on the baseplate and the usual "Licensed Under Floyd Rose Patents" statement on the tail. No production left-handed Fernandes guitars were built with the Gotoh FRT-10.
From 1997 Fernandes began to advertise the Schaller-licensed Floyd Rose tremolo on their USA range and some Japanese Sustainer-equipped guitars. It was designated SFRT-II.
In 1997 the long-running FR-65 was replaced with two models: the FR-65S which had a Wilkinson fixed bridge and Fernandes Sustainer, and the FR-65X which was essentially the FR-65 with hotter pickups and the Schaller SFRT-II tremolo. Neither were available left-handed.
Left-handed availability 1997– 1999
The 1997 catalog retained the same ordering disclaimer since 1991, this time listing six models as production left-handed guitars. With the FR-65 now gone, the only FRT-equipped left-handed model on the list was the FR-55. 1997 was also the first year the FR-55 was available with a photographic "quilted maple" top, in blue, red, or purple finishes. Here is a surviving example of a blue 1997-1999 left-handed FR-55 (with FRT5-PRO-TRS.)
Left-handed availability of FRT-equipped models continued to be limited to just the FR-55 in 1998. For that year the FR-55 received two additional solid colour finishes.
For 1999, six guitars were again listed in the catalog as available left-handed, with the FR-55 remaining the only FRT-equipped model. The specifications and colour range were the same as 1998.
Ping Well PT 505 (Fernandes FRT-11)
(2000–2015)
Status: Discontinued
From 2000, Fernandes added a third tremolo bridge option to its FRT range: a GE1996T clone made in Taiwan by Ping Well Industrial Co. Ltd. This unit was designated FRT-11 for Fernandes and was optioned on mid-level guitars. It is Ping Well product code PT 505 and was not exclusive to Fernandes. The Ping Well unit is different from the Gotoh in saddle shape and says "FERNANDES Guitars" on the base, whereas the Gotoh version just says "FERNANDES." Despite being featured on numerous guitars in the 2000 catalog, it was omitted from the usual FRT Tremolo System product page.
Left-handed availability 2000
For 2000, the FR-55 was again the only FRT-equipped left-handed guitar on the list. It featured the new FRT-11. All finishes reverted to solid colours. The model was discontinued from the lineup after 2000 as part of a major refresh of the Revolver Series and ramping up of Chinese production.
Fernandes Custom Order System
Also in 2000, Fernandes introduced a general Custom Order System into its catalogs for ordering guitars with features outside of catalog specifications. In theory, this could also extend to left‑handed guitars beyond the standard set list noted at the end of every catalog.
This ordering system was strictly dealer-facilitated. Fernandes did not deal with customers directly. Retail chain stores such as Ishibashi Music, Musicland KEY, and Ikebe Gakki could facilitate special orders for left-handed versions of non-listed models, provided the factory accepted the order.
All customers were required to complete an order sheet through a dealer, after which the request underwent a feasibility review. While the system emphasized restrictions such as no changes to body shape, scale, neck joint, or materials, the feasibility check allowed requests to be considered on a case-by-case basis, giving Fernandes the discretionary right to accept or reject an order. If accepted, the lead time for all builds, whether right-handed or left-handed, was 4-6 months. The existence of confirmed left-handed models from this period proves that Fernandes accepted left-handed orders through this system, but for nothing other than what they were already used to building.
Left-handed availability 2001
In 2001, Fernandes introduced the FR-48 and FR-55S to replace the long running FR-55. The FR-48 was essentially the FR-55 with a "quilted maple" photo finish, and the FR-55S was the FR-55 with Sustainer. The 2001 Fernandes-Burny catalog included six left-handed production models for 2001 including the new FR-48. Examples include this 2001 Ice Blue Sunburst Fernandes FR-48, and this 2001 See-Through Black Fernandes FR-48 (which I personally own.)
Additionally, examples of FRT-11-equipped left-handed guitars that were built through the Custom Order System in 2001 include this Blue Metallic Burst Fernandes FR-55S, this High-Grade Black Fernandes FGZ-550S, this High-Grade Black Fernandes FGZ-550S, and this 2001 (or possibly 2002) High-Grade Black Fernandes FGZ-550S.
Left-handed availability 2002– 2004
The FR-48 was a one-year-only model and its discontinuation in 2002 also marked the end of any Japanese-market Fernandes or Burny production left-handed guitars with a FRT Tremolo System.
From 2002, Taiwanese company Yako Musical Instruments Co. began full-scale OEM manufacturing of Fernandes guitars and some Burny entry-level reissues using factories in China. Guitars made in China have serial numbers printed on the back of their headstocks with an "FG" prefix.
In 2002 the U.S and International markets received the FR-based Revolver Pro which came with an EMG HZ pickup and the Fernandes Sustainer Lite (1 switch) system. It was also available left-handed and could be bought through the music store Musician's Friend and Fernandes USA in the United States. Surviving examples include this 2002 (or 2003?) left-handed Revolver Pro with Sustainer Lite.
In 2003 and 2004, Fernandes included a new Hisashi Imai signature guitar in the main pages of the catalog with left-handed availability. This was the 2003 Hisashi Imai "Stabilizer" Signature model. It came with the Schaller SFRT-II. It was priced only 10% higher than the right-handed model and was not included on the set lists in the Japanese catalogs for 2003 or 2004.
Left-handed FRT-equipped guitars built through the Japanese Custom Order system after 2001 include this 2004 Turquoise left-handed FR-55S (with serial # FG04041612) and this 2004 Tamarind left-handed FR-55S.
The Takeuchi FRT5-PRO-TRS was discontinued after 2004, and from 2005, FRT-equipped guitars were fitted with either the Gotoh FRT-10 or Ping Well FRT-11, although lefty models only ever received the FRT-11.
After 2004, Fernandes dropped the set list of production left‑handed guitars from its catalogs, marking the end of all visible and formal support for left-handed players, with only one exception: Hisashi Imai signature models.
Despite this, surviving examples of left-handed Fernandes and Burny guitars built after 2004 do exist. These were produced as “spot models” (a run of usually 6 to 12 instruments commissioned by a large retailer), one-offs, or sporadic small runs for export markets, and no mention in catalogs. The Vertigo X, Retrorocket X, Dragonfly X, Monterey Pro, and Revolver Pro were export market models available left-handed and could be bought through Musician's Friend during the 2000s. FRT-11-equipped examples include this 2004 Metallic Black left-handed Revolver Pro, and this Metallic Black 2004 left-handed Revolver Pro (Serial # FG04111333.) Hisashi Imai signature models (non-FRT) were explicitly listed in the 2010, 2011 and 2012 catalogs as available left-handed and priced the same as the right-handed model. Here is an example of a 2010 left-handed BT-120MM model.
In recent years, several left-handed Fernandes and Burny guitars have appeared on musical instrument marketplaces and general auction platforms, with documented build dates of 2005, 2009, 2010, 2012, and 2015. Here is a YouTube video review of a left-handed Burny Les Paul replica made in 2018 (with Serial # FG18030167.)
The last noted use of the FRT-11 is in the 2018 Fernandes-Burny catalog, specifically the last year of the FR-Standard 2011 and FGZ-Standard 2011 Series. After 2018, only the Gotoh GE1996T featured on guitars optioned with a Floyd Rose tremolo including some Artist Signature models. These guitars were made by Tokai in Japan. In English catalogs it was referred to as "Gotoh Licensed Floyd Rose Tremolo."
Fernandes Company. Ltd. ceased operations on July 11, 2024 and started preparations to file for bankruptcy. The company posted a notice at its headquarters stating: "We are currently burdened with a considerable amount of debt to multiple creditors, and unfortunately, we are unable to continue our business." Bankruptcy proceedings had commenced earlier in 2023 for its sales and distribution partner, Osaka Fernandes Co. Ltd. which acted as a catalyst for Fernandes' own bankruptcy.
St. Louis Music
St. Louis Music is a major U.S. distributor of musical instruments dating back to 1922. They began marketing guitars under the Electra brand in 1971, using various Japanese factories until forming a partnership with Matsumoku Industrial Co. Ltd in Japan in 1981 to produce American-designed guitars for the U.S. and European markets.
Matsumoku was one of the largest producers of OEM guitars in Japan. The company was initially a subsidiary of Singer Sewing Machine Company and produced wooden cabinets, tables, and accessories for Singer products before beginning guitar manufacturing in 1962. The factory was an OEM builder for Aria Pro II, Epiphone, Burny, Ibanez, Greco, Hondo, Samick, Univox, Vantage, and Washburn at different times.
Matsumoku owned the Westone brand from 1975 and partnered with UK musical instrument distributor FCN Music to distribute Westone guitars for the UK and European markets. St. Louis Music became the official distributor of Westone guitars in the United States. The Electra brand was merged into Westone in 1984.
By the late 1980s, Singer faced bankruptcy, which severely impacted Matsumoku. Unable to extricate itself from Singer’s financial troubles, Matsumoku was forced to shut down in 1987.
Various Japanese factories such as Terada and FujiGen picked up Matsumoku's Japanese market contracts, but by the late 1980s, Japanese manufacturing had become expensive, and most guitar brands that had Japanese lines moved to Korean factories.
St. Louis Music and FCN Music continued to market Westone guitars in their respective markets, with guitars subsequently built in Korea by Samick. The brand lasted until 1991.
Bendmaster FT
(Japan: 1984–1987)
Status: Discontinued
St. Louis Music's first tremolo system featuring fine tuners was the Bendmaster FT, designed by Tom Presley, lead designer and product manager for Westone. It is a two-point, string-through bridge with vertical fine-tuners, notable for the curved sides of its baseplate and J-shaped string hooks. Strings are fed through the block and don't need their ball ends cut off. It has a Floyd Rose style locking nut. It was manufactured in-house by Matsumoku and first appeared in the 1984 Electra-Westone catalog.
Left-handed Westone guitars that came with the Bendmaster FT included the 1985 Spectrum LX, the 1985 Spectrum SX, the 1985 Spectrum DX, and the 1986 Spectrum DX.
Although not mentioned in the Aria Pro II catalog for 1985, this 1985 left handed Aria Pro II Laser Electric Heritage has a Bendmaster tremolo.
A similar tremolo made by Gotoh was used for one year only, on the 1985 Ibanez Axstar Series. These guitars were manufactured at the Jackson-Charvel Chushin Gakki factory, and to my knowledge, no left-handed versions were made. The Gotoh version was designated Gotoh 1086 or model OGE1086TFB, and was available only in black. It had "Gotoh" stamped on the block. It had the same J-shaped saddles but a different baseplate shape.
The Gotoh version somehow found its way on the 1985 Lâg Rockline, a French brand.
After Matsumoku's closure and SLM's shift to Korean production, the Bendmaster FT was manufactured by Jin Ah in Korea—not only for SLM brands but also as an OEM unit for various other guitar brands with Korean lines well into the 1990s, notably Aria Pro II, B.C. Rich, Marlin, Epiphone, and Hondo, among others.
For information on Jin Ah's OEM production of the Bendmaster and other OEM tremolo systems see Part 2: OEM Producers
Bendmaster Deluxe
(1985–1988)
Status: Discontinued
Tom Presley of St. Louis Music also designed the Floyd Rose-style Bendmaster Deluxe tremolo exclusively for Westone guitars. It was intended to be the next evolution of the Bendmaster and first appeared in the 1986 Westone catalog. It was intentionally engineered with subtle differences from a Floyd Rose to circumvent licensing fees.
This tremolo was unusual in that the saddles had roller-style string guides, and the unit had very long tuning springs, which made the tail very long but low too. It was stamped "Bendmaster Deluxe" on the baseplate and without apparent acknowledgment of Floyd Rose patents elsewhere. It was trialled on the Spectrum DX superstrat which were also available left-handed. Left-handed examples include this 1985 Spectrum DX, this 1986 Spectrum DX, and this 1986 Spectrum DX.
In the January 1987 Westone catalogs, it lists the Pantera Standard and Deluxe Series, the Spectrum II and III Series, the Corsair DLX Series, and the new-for-1987 Genesis I and II Series as having the Bendmaster Deluxe. Of those, here is an example of a 1987 left handed Spectrum II.
After Samick took over guitar manufacturing, Japanese hardware was replaced with Korean hardware and the Bendmaster Deluxe was gone by 1988.
Aria Pro II
Japanese company Aria & Co. had a close relationship with Matsumoku. Aria guitars were exclusively built by Matsumoku from 1964. Aria provided design development and business arrangements on behalf of Matsumoku, such as the contract to build Epiphone guitars for Gibson during the 1970s and 1980s.
Following Matsumoku’s closure in 1987, Korean OEM manufacturer Samick gained the Aria Pro II and Epiphone contracts and became the primary builder of Epiphone guitars until 1996. Samick continued producing Aria guitars and drums until the early 2000s, when Aria returned to Japanese manufacturing.
During the 1980s, left-handed availability was only by special order through dealers. Left-handed availability was not explicitly mentioned in Aria Pro II catalogs.
Aria Pro II ACT-3
(1984–1988)
Status: Discontinued
Aria Pro II's first Floyd Rose-derived proprietary locking tremolo system with fine tuners was a unique tremolo called the ACT-3. (It was also used on some Washburn guitars, for which it was designated 600-T.) The ACT-3 is the same design as a regular Floyd Rose but has different dimensions and is not at all interchangeable. Whereas a Floyd Rose has a post spacing of 74mm, the ACT-3 has 73mm post spacing, making it incompatible with anything non-proprietary.
It is very recognizable for its large, rectangular tremolo arm collar. A distinctive feature is how the strings are fed through the horizontal tube screws at the back without needing to cut off the ball ends. It also has hinged rectangular carbon steel "pressure pads" (string clamps) that secure the strings in place, locked down by a hex screw. There were two versions:
Original (Made in Japan)
The original ACT-3 was made in Japan. It has a German Floyd Rose-style solid "whale tail" and is stamped with "ACT/3" on the base and "Mfg. under Floyd Rose Pats." in very small lettering along the bottom edge of the baseplate below the tremolo arm collar. It has an L-shaped block into which the tremolo arm screws.
The ACT-3 first appeared in the Aria Pro II catalog for 1985 on the RS Esprit, RS Hellcat, RS Inazuma III, XX and ZZ Custom, all 3 Custom X models in the CT range, and the Diamond Series JX-Plus and JX-Custom. Yngwie Malmsteen had his own RS Esprit Yngwie Malmsteen Signature model. Left-handed versions were available by special order such as this 1985 left handed RS Esprit.
In the Aria Pro II Japan catalog for 1986 it was used on the RS Knight Warrior, RS Knight Warrior-MX, RS Hellcat, RS Wildcat PLUS, and RS Inazuma-III; on the CT Series Custom X-FR, Custom X-MX, and Custom X; and on the Diamond Series JX-Plus and JX-Custom. The international Aria Pro II catalog for 1986 lists these models with the ACT-3: Knight Warrior Deluxe 3, Knight Warrior STD-3, Road Warrior 3, Wildcat-3, and Bobcat-3. It was also used on the international Exotic Series XX Deluxe and ZZ Deluxe.
This tremolo was highly regarded by players of the time and was chosen by Neal Schon for his 1986 Schon NS6 Signature model made by Jackson Guitars (not made left handed.)
Second version (Made in Korea)
The second version was made in Korea and was slightly different, cosmetically. It has the same baseplate shape, knife edges, and swept-back, curved tail as a Fernandes FRT-7 Floyd Rose but retains its non-universal 73mm post spacing. It had "Mfg. under Floyd Rose Pats." on the upper base and "ACT3-S" on the tremolo arm collar on the opposite side. This version is found on Samick-built Aria Pro II and Washburn guitars. (The Washburn version otherwise had "Washburn 600-T" on its upper base.)
The latter version was used on the 1987-1988 left-handed Aria Pro II XR Series made by Samick in Korea. Here is an example of a 1987-1988 left-handed Washburn E29 made by Samick that came with the 600-T equivalent.
Aria Pro II replaced the ACT-3 in 1989 with an OEM version of the Gotoh GE1988T and the Takeuchi TRS-101.
Aria Pro II ART-2
(1986–1988)
Status: Discontinued
Some Aria Pro II models advertised in 1986 were manufactured with a tremolo listed in their catalogs as the ART-2, which is actually the Fernandes Body Crasher FRT-8. The Aria Pro II version is stamped "Aria Pro II ART-2" on the baseplate.
Examples of left-handed Aria Pro II guitars with this tremolo are this 1986 left-handed Aria II Pro Mega Metal Stage III built by Matsumoku and this 1988 left-handed Aria Pro II XR Series ST-3 built by Samick.
Ibanez
Ibanez is famous for its superstrat guitars and longtime endorsers Steve Vai, Joe Satriani, Paul Gilbert, and others. Ibanez guitars have always been manufactured by FujiGen in Japan and, after the late 1980s, by Cort and Samick in Korea, and then Cort's factories in Indonesia and China. It was Cort that made Ibanez's entry-level guitars that came with the poorly received Lo-TRS II, SLT-101, and Edge Pro II tremolos during the mid-1990s and early 2000s.
Ibanez began building their guitars with tremolo systems initially provided by OEM producers Gotoh and Takeuchi in the 1980s. Later designs were developed in‑house and manufactured by OEM factories in Korea and China.
For details on OEM production by Gotoh and Takeuchi for other brands, please see Part 2: Floyd Rose Tremolos for Lefties: OEM Producers.
Ibanez left-handed availability
Over the years Ibanez has usually shown strong support for lefty players although have been patches, especially in the 2000s, when they offered nothing. They usually offer a modest but limited selection of left-handed guitars, focusing mostly on popular models and core series.
Ibanez Edge Tremolo
(1986– present)
Status: Current
Ibanez's first proprietary tremolo was the Edge Tremolo made by Gotoh in 1986. The Edge Tremolo is very similar to the Schaller-made Original Floyd Rose and is a straight replacement. The Gotoh Edge was also used on some USA Series B.C Rich guitars such as this 1986 left handed B.C Rich Warlock. Ibanez gained exclusive use of it, and it became the basis for all subsequent Ibanez proprietary systems thereafter.
It was non-recessed for the first year and fully recessed from 1987. It was stamped "Licensed Under Floyd Rose Patents" on the top of the tail. The block was stamped with "Ibanez EDGE" and "Japan" in smaller letters on a second line.
The first Ibanez left handed models to feature the new Edge Tremolo were the one-year-only 1986 PL1770L and the 1986-1987 Roadstar II RG440L. It continued to be used on the 1988-1991 RG550L, the 1989-1990 Roadstar II 540S-L, the 1989-1992 RG560L, the 1993 USA and European market RG470L, the Japan-only 2001-2002 RGR580L, and the Europe-only 2002-2004 RG570L. These guitars were made at Fujigen Gakki, Fender Japan's factory in Nagano.
Ibanez Lo-Pro Edge
(1991– present)
Status: Current
Ibanez continued its collaboration with Gotoh and introduced a lower-profile version of the Edge Tremolo called the Ibanez Lo-Pro Edge in 1991. Like the Original Floyd Rose PRO (never available left handed), this system too has much shorter string lock screws forward of the tail allowing for a flatter tail angle. By 1992, the Lo-Pro became the standard tremolo for all high-end Ibanez guitars made in Japan. The left hand version is Ibanez Part No. 2LE1L31K. Starting in 1997, select high-end RG models reverted back to the original Edge.
Left hand guitars built with the Lo-Pro Edge were the 1992 RG560L, the 1995 RG570L and RG550L, the 1998-2000 RG680CL, and the the 2000 RG3120L.
Lo-TRS II
(1994–2004)
Status: Discontinued
From 1994 to 2004, Ibanez utilized a Korean-made clone of its own "Lo-TRS" tremolo, known as the Lo-TRS II. The Lo-TRS II was fitted to some entry-level Ibanez guitars built by Cort in Korea. The Ibanez parts number for the lefty Lo-TRS II is 2CL1LC34B for black and 2CL1LC34K for Cosmo black. It has a collar-mounted tremolo arm.
Left handed Ibanez models that received the Lo-TRS II were the Korean-made 1994-1999 RG470L, the 1998-2004 S470L, and the 1997-2000 JEM555L.
The Lo-TRS II was manufactured by the South Korean firm Samyah (often stamped "S.Y." or "Samyah" on the sustain block). Unlike the Takeuchi originals which used hardened steel, the Lo-TRS II is made of soft zinc alloy (pot metal) for the baseplates and saddles. It is widely criticized for its poor build quality and notorious difficulty in maintaining tuning stability.
Modern Alternatives: The original TRS-PRO design remains available today only as a manufacturer's OEM product. Modern versions (such as those sold by Gaskell Guitars) are built to a much higher standard, with improved material density and tighter tolerances, making them far superior to the early Samyah-made Lo-TRS II. The modern version remains the only low-profile Floyd Rose tremolo option available for left-handed players today, filling the gap left by Floyd Rose and the now-defunct Takeuchi.
SLT-101
(1998–2001)
Status: Discontinued
The SLT101 (SLT = Single Locking Tremolo) was another type of single-locking tremolo where the strings are fed through tubes in the rear and do not have to have their ball ends cut off. It is most similar to the Fernandes Head Crasher FRT-6, sharing its oval tail arches and slotted tubes, and nearly identical saddles, but has a typical Takeuchi trapezoid baseplate and angular tail. The tail has "Licensed Under Floyd Rose Patents," which is inner-facing. There is no model number or inscriptions on the baseplate or block. It is not one of the standard offerings from the universal Korean or Chinese OEM pools.However, it is 100% identical to the aftermarket Mighty Mite Single Locking Tremolo.
It was used by Ibanez for its entry level guitars built by Cort in Korea, including the 1998-2001 left handed RG270L. Ibanez Part Numbers are 2SL1C12C (chrome) and 2SL1C12B (black.) It was also used on some Cort guitars.
Ibanez ILT1
(2001–2010)
Status: Discontinued
In 2001 Ibanez used a TRS-101 clone for Ibanez's entry-level superstrat models that were manufactured in Korea and Indonesia, designated ILT1.
Unlike the TRS-101 or TRT-1 originals made by Takeuchi, the top knife edge of the ILT1 baseplate is straight like that of the Ibanez Lo-TRS. As with the related SLT-101 single-locking tremolo, it has a Takeuchi-shaped baseplate, and the arches between the forks at the top of the tail are oval. It was stamped "Ibanez" (upside down) on the face of the upper baseplate and "Licensed Under Floyd Rose Patents." on the tail which was inner-facing. Nowhere on the unit does it say where it is made, or by whom. Ibanez used this tremolo until 2010. Left hand Part Numbers were 2CD1L101B (black) and 2CD1L101C (chrome.) The block style suggests earlier units were Korean‑made, with later ones likely Chinese‑made.
The ILT1 was used on entry-level Ibanez guitars from 2001-2010, including the 2001-2002 left-handed S370L, and the 2001-2002 left-handed RG270L.
Edge Pro
(2003–2009)
Status: Discontinued
From 2003 the Edge was discontinued, and the Lo-Pro Edge was replaced by the new Edge Pro, an evolutionary redesign of the Edge and Lo-Pro Edge. It was produced by Gotoh exclusively for Ibanez.
The Edge Pro shares essentially no parts with its predecessors beyond the push‑in arm system. It has unique saddles with integrated string locks. Instead of having string holder blocks, the Edge Pro has sliding string holders which are part of the bridge. It can be strung either with or without removing the ball ends of the strings. The tail has "Ibanez" cast in the center. The block is cast with "Made in Japan" and has a sticker that says "Licensed Under Floyd Rose Patents."
The Edge Pro was produced until 2009 and was fitted to Ibanez's Prestige line and most Signature models. Left handed finishes for the Prestige line were 2ELJ11LK (Cosmo black), 2EL1J11LG (gold), and 2EL1J11LPC (powder Cosmo.) Left hand models were the 2003 RG2570EXL, 2003-2008 RG1570L, and 2009 RG1550ML. The 2009 limited edition left handed JS1200L Joe Satriani Signature was available in chrome only.
Edge Pro II
(2003–2005)
Status: Discontinued
Also in 2003, Ibanez released the Edge Pro II for its Korean-made guitars, to replace the unpopular Lo-TRS II. It has "Made in Korea" embossed on the underside of the block. As with the Edge Pro, the Edge Pro II can be strung either with or without removing the ball ends of the strings, and the saddles have integrated string locks. It has a threaded tremolo collar instead of the push-in system on the Edge Pro. It has knife-edge inserts which are replaceable. It has 73mm post spacing, which cannot drop-in retrofit guitars originally routed for standard 74mm Floyd-spacing units such as Edge or Lo-Pro Edge without modification. The Edge Pro II was featured on all Korean-made RG models utilizing double-locking systems until 2005.
Lefty Ibanez RG models fitted with the Edge Pro II were the 2003 RG370BL, 2003 RG320FAL, 2003-2004 RG320FML, and the 2004 RG370DXL that were made in Korea. (From 2005-2010 the RG370DXL would thereafter been manufactured in Indonesia.)
ZR (Zero Resistance) tremolo with ZPS (Zero Point System)
(2003–2015)
Status: Discontinued
A third release in 2003 was the Zero Resistance (ZR) tremolo. It was the first Ibanez tremolo to feature a ball-bearing pivot system (like a Kahler) instead of the two-post and knife-edge pivot. It also has offset saddle locking bolts so they can be adjusted without the strings being in the way. It has a snap-in tremolo arm socket and adjustable arm tension.
The unit came with the Zero Point System (ZPS) which is a backstop-like device that consists of a metal bar attached to a pair of springs installed in the bridge cavity outboard of the usual tremolo springs. It applies counter pressure to return the bridge to the zero point (flat position.) It can be set to floating or fixed. The ZR relied on a hex bolt to adjust the spring tension from the rear of the guitar. With the ZPS installed, the ZR has a slightly stiffer feel when pressing down on the arm since there is an extra set of springs involved. The ZR and ZPS were made in China. It was used exclusively on Ibanez S-Series guitars and was discontinued in 2015.
The S420L is the only production Ibanez left-handed model ever to employ the original ZR tremolo, produced from 2010-2013 in Indonesia. The guitar was available only in the one colour: Blackberry Sunburst.
ZPS2 (Zero Point System 2)
The ZPS2 was introduced in 2005 as a replacement for the original ZPS, used in conjunction with the ZR tremolo. The main difference between the ZPS2 and the ZPS is that the ZPS2 uses a tension adjustment thumbwheel which replaced the hex bolt adjustment system in the first ZR. It is made in China.
Edge III
(2005–2017)
Status: Discontinued
The Edge III was introduced in 2005 and has a slightly higher tail than the Edge Pro/Edge Pro II. It is made in China. The Edge III lost the integrated string lock saddles of its predecessors, the Edge Pro and Edge Pro II, and requires the ball ends to be cut off the strings. It also has the odd 73mm post spacing as with the Edge Pro II.
The Edge III eventually replaced the Edge Pro II for Ibanez's Korean and Indonesian-made guitars including the 2005–2010 RG370DXL and the 2009–2012 USA-only RG5EX1L, both made in Indonesia.
The Edge III was phased out and finally discontinued in 2017.
ZR2 with ZPS3
(2008–2015)
Status: Discontinued
In 2008, Ibanez introduced the ZR2 tremolo, which continued to use the ball-bearing pivot system of the original ZR tremolo. It featured a redesigned pop-in tremolo arm in place of the screw-in arm on the ZR, which was prone to breaking. The ZR2 also used a lighter metal in the thumbwheel assembly. The ZR2 was offered on the Japanese high-end Prestige line, while the original ZR continued to be used on the standard models. (In 2010, the pop-in arm was extended to the original ZR too.) Accompanying the new ZR2 was the new ZPS3, which replaced the ZPS. The lefty ZPS3 unit is Ibanez Part Number 2TRX5AE005. The ZPS3 is made of duralumin and is made in China. The ZPS3 was used with ZR, ZR2, and later Edge Zero, and Edge Zero II tremolos.
The original ZR and ZR2 were both discontinued after 2015. Five years earlier Ibanez was involved in a court action with Floyd Rose and Ping Well Industrial Co. (manufacturer of the similar Floyd Rose Speedloader) brought by Geoffrey L. McCabe alleging patent violations which included Ibanez's ZR tremolo units and the Zero Point System. The case was dismissed in July 2013. After the case, Ibanez shifted back to knife‑edge designs, likely to avoid future licensing entanglements.
Edge Zero Tremolo with ZPS3
(2008–2021)
Status: Discontinued
Also in 2008, Ibanez introduced the Edge Zero Tremolo with ZPS3. The Edge Zero shared the pop-in tremolo arm with the ZR2 and reintroduced the locking studs from the original Edge tremolo. It is a regular knife edge tremolo and was used on Japanese Prestige models. It is made in China.
One commonly reported issue among users about the Edge Zero is its lack of the steel backing plate for the fine tuner screws, which earlier designs included. This change means that the fine tuners are threaded directly into the more brittle zinc alloy of the tremolo body, which, with even general use, can cause this brittle metal to crack.
Ibanez guitars that come with the Zero Point System have a "Z" in their model designations. The Edge Zero tremolo with ZPS3 was available only in Cosmo black.
Left hand guitars that used it were the RG2550ZL (2009, 2013-2014), RG1570ZL (2010-2013), RG1550MZL (2010-2011), and the RG8570ZL (2015-2017, 2019-2021.)
ZPS3Fe
(2010– present)
Status: Current
The ZPS3Fe is the third version of the Zero Point System, introduced in 2010, for mid-level Ibanez guitars. It is made from a zinc alloy and is made in China. It adds a dial in the spring cavity cover that allows you to adjust the spring tension with your finger (from the back of the guitar) without having to use an Allen key.
Today it is used only with the Edge Zero II, following the discontinuation of the ZR, ZR2 and Edge Zero tremolos earlier. Several left-handed guitars came with the ZPS3Fe.
Edge Zero II
(2011– present)
Status: Current
In 2011, Ibanez released the Edge Zero II which was available with or without the ZPS3Fe system for mid-level guitars and to replace the Edge III. The Edge Zero II is also made in China.
The left-handed Edge Zero II with ZPS3Fe was available in black (2TRX5AF006) or Cosmo black (2TRX5AF008), and the left-handed Edge Zero II with spring hook was available only in black (2TRX5AD032).
Lefty models with the Edge Zero II included the 2011-2014 RG370DXZL (with ZPS3Fe), the 2011-2012 RG870QMZL (with ZPS3Fe), the 2013-2014 RG450DXBL (without ZPS3Fe), and the 2013-2014 RG950QMZL (with ZPS3Fe.)
As of early 2025, the only catalogued left‑handed model known with Edge Zero II is the Nita Strauss Signature JIVA10L, first released in 2022.
Reintroduced Edge and Lo-Pro Edge
(2010– present)
Status: Current
In response to the largely negative feedback about the Edge Zero, Ibanez reintroduced the original 1986 Edge and 1991 Lo-Pro Edge tremolos for their Japanese-made Prestige Series guitars in 2010. Both continue to be used to this day.
The current Edge and Lo-Pro Edge tremolos no longer need or have a Floyd Rose licensing statement on the tail as they did originally. The block still says "Ibanez EDGE" with "Japan" on a second line.
The reintroduced Edge tremolo was used on the following left handed Prestige Series guitars: 2011-2013 JEM7VL Steve Vai Signature, 2011-2015 JS1200L Joe Satriani Signature, 2016-2017 Prestige Series RG655L, 2016-2019 RG652AHML, 2017 30th Anniversary JEM777L, 2017 RG652MPBL, 2018 RGR652AHBL, and the 2018-2020 Genesis Collection RG550L reissue (available in Road Flare Red or Desert Sun Yellow.) It is used on the current (2024-) left-handed RG550L-DY (Desert Sun Yellow) Genesis Collection.
The re-introduced Lo-Pro tremolo was fitted to the 2020-2022 left-handed RG5320L.
Ibanez have reduced their lefty offerings as of 2025, but they do offer the Lo-Pro tremolo on the 2025 lefthanded RG5120ML.
Ibanez Standard DL Tremolo
(2013– present)
Status: Current
The Ibanez ILT1 tremolo was used on Ibanez entry-level guitars until 2010 leaving only the Edge III for budget models, which in turn was phased out and fully discontinued in 2017. Before then, Ibanez released it's Standard DL tremolo which was introduced in 2013. It is essentially another TRT1 / TRS-101 / ILT1 clone, made in China.
This version has the Takeuchi baseplate shape, and "Ibanez" (right side up) etched on the top. There are no more licensing statements. A box with the block size inside it is stamped into the block. Members of the public can buy equal-quality, clones of this clone from AliExpress, eBay, and Amazon for around $40 or $50.
Much like its predecessors, the Standard DL tremolo is designed for entry- to mid-level Ibanez guitars which are made in Indonesia or China, such as the Indonesian-made 2015-2019 left handed RG450DXBL and the Indonesian-made left handed Steve Vai Signature JEMJRL, which has been in production since 2016 (and costs around $1,000 here in Australia.)
Yamaha
Yamaha Corporation started making acoustic guitars in 1966, followed by electric guitars in the 1970s. Their guitars have always been built by contracted factories in Japan, and later in Korea, China, and Indonesia. The company has never been very lefty-friendly, but has made token offerings on and off over the years.
Yamaha was one of the first brands to plagiarize Floyd Rose designs early on, introducing a "Vibrato System" bridge with a locking nut in 1984. (This was before Floyd Rose had been granted the '461 and '236 patents for a fine tuner system.) While it had no name beyond "Yamaha Tremolo Unit", it utilized knife edges for the pivot, and fine tuners at the end of individual saddle arms. It also loaded the strings through the back and did not need the balls cut off. Each saddle had a locking plate that screwed down with a grub screw. The baseplate had a rectangular turret with threaded hole for the tremolo arm to screw into. The unit only pitched down. It was introduced on Yamaha's new-for-1984 SBG-1300TS model. It continued to be used on the 1985 SBG-1300TS, Yamaha's new EX Explorer and VX Flying V models, and the SE-700E.
Further developments of this tremolo system evolved into the highly-respected Rocking Magic Series, including left handed versions, used by Yamaha all the way through to the mid 2000s.
Yamaha RM-II
(1985–1987)
Status: Discontinued
Yamaha's second proprietary tremolo system was the Yamaha Rockin' Magic RM-II introduced in 1985. This was a single locking tremolo that had the strings fed through from the rear of the base (rather than tubes as on the original Floyd Rose II and most other single locking variants.) The strings are double locked by a plate with a hex screw. Unique to Yamaha is that the unit has horizontal screws on springs at the rear of the base for each saddle that when turned move the saddle forward or back for easier intonation setting. The block on the RM-II is "forked" and has a pin running through it for the spring hooks.
The Yamaha 1986 catalog says the following: "The new Yamaha Rockin' Magic II locking vibrato system adds a new dimension to the concept of radical pitch bending. The low profile bridge allows for right handed muting techniques without being hindered by bulky hardware. String locks at the nut and on each individual saddle ensure perfect tuning stability at all times. Individual fine tuners on each string provide for minute pitch adjustments while playing. The Rockin' Magic II uses standard ball end strings and is capable of both upward and downward pitch bending." There were no inscriptions anywhere on the unit. There was a lot of steel in this unit and therefore it added significant weight to the guitar.
It was used on the 1987 Yamaha left handed RGX-312L and early versions of the 1987 Yamaha left handed RGX-612SL, both made in Taiwan. This very rare Japanese-made left handed RGX-612DL from 1987 (likely a special order) has the RM-II.
Yamaha RM-Pro
(1988–1992)
Status: Discontinued
The RM-Pro was a Yamaha proprietary single locking tremolo, introduced in 1988, that allowed the strings to be fed through from the rear of the base. As with the RM-II, the strings do not need the ball ends cut off and are each double-locked with a bullet-shaped plate. It was unique in that it used needle bearings at the fulcrum to ensure smooth operation and precise pitch return. Right-handed units featured a pitch rise adjustment, which makes it possible to set a maximum amount of pitch bend; lefty versions did not have this. It also has a pop-in-pop-out tremolo arm. There was no licensing inscription or model identification on the unit. This tremolo last appeared on the 1991 "Yamaha Hard Style" mid-level RGX and higher-level RGZ Series.
Later versions of the 1987-1989 left handed Yamaha RGX 612SL and Yamaha SE612L were made with this tremolo.
Yamaha RMX II
(1988–1992)
Status: Discontinued
The RMX II was introduced in 1988 and is a nod to Yamaha's original 1984 Vibrato System. It is a single-locking tremolo where the strings are fed through the back and the ball ends do not need to be cut off. Each string is locked into an individual grooved saddle which has its own fine tuner at the rear; thus, all six saddles in line with each other create the appearance of a "tail." It has intonation screws under the rear of the baseplate to adjust the saddles. The unit has a pop-in tremolo arm. It was discontinued after 1991.
The Yamaha left handed RGX-312L made in Taiwan from 1987-1990 initially came with the Yamaha RM II tremolo, then the RMX II.
Here is an excellent video from YouTube user WatchWatchBoi presenting a close-up of the left-handed RMX II from a Yamaha RGX-312L.
Yamaha RM-Pro II / RM-Pro III
(1991–2003)
Status: Discontinued
The Yamaha RM-Pro II is an original Floyd Rose-style tremolo with one straight knife edge. It first appeared in the 1991 Yamaha catalog on the new Pacifica model and highest-spec "Yamaha Hard Style" RGX-612JS, and on the "Yamaha Advance Style" Sonare Series. It also featured on several Japanese signature models until 1995. It was gradually replaced by the identical Rockin' Magic Pro III, which in turn was used until 2003.
The RM-Pro II and III are unique in that they have a two-piece base, one of which is the housing for individual horizontal intonation screws that, when turned, move the saddles forward or back on the main baseplate for precise adjustment. Both plates screw into the block. This additional saddle adjustment functionality was pioneered by Yamaha and used on earlier tremolos. Each saddle assembly includes its own vertical tube that you feed the string through from underneath. The strings do not have to have their ball ends cut off. Additionally, the saddles have string locks like a regular Floyd Rose.
Here is an excellent video guide on the Yamaha RM-PRO II from Youtuber user Itty: Yamaha RM PRO II Assembly Guide - YouTube
The RM-Pro II and III are immediately recognizable for the fact that the licensing statement is stamped upside down on the baseplate, irrespective of whether the guitar is left handed or right handed. It says: "YAMAHA RM-PRO II" or "YAMAHA RM-PRO III" with a second line saying "Licensed Under" and a third line saying "Floyd Rose Pats." All three U.S patent numbers are stamped on the block.
From those I've seen, it appears that Yamaha couldn't be bothered to use a proper left-handed baseplate, as they just drilled the straight edge side of a right-hand base for the lefty tremolo arm, hence the lefty versions are technically "upside down."
Left hand guitars made with this tremolo were the 1991 Yamaha RGZ 612L and 1991-1993 Yamaha YG 612L, both made in Taiwan; and the 1992-1995 Yamaha Pacifica 912JL, made in Japan. Both the Pacifica 912JL and YG612L were explicitly stated in Yamaha catalogs as being available left-handed. The Pacifica became a regular left-handed offering and is still offered to this day, albeit without a Floyd Rose tremolo.
Yamaha RMX III
(1991–1994)
Status: Discontinued
The RMX III was a redesign of the RMX II adding a one-piece tail structure for the fine tuners instead each saddle having its own tuner. It also has one straight knife edge. It is still single locking in the same way as the RMX II. It has a torque adjusted tremolo arm which pops in and out. There are no inscriptions or identifiers on the base or block. The RMX III first appeared in the 1991 Yamaha Japan catalog on the lower-spec "Yamaha Hard Style" RGX and RGZ Series and the lower-spec YG Series until 1993.
From about 1994, Yamaha began using a modified OEM version of the Takeuchi TRS-PRO on some of its superstrats all the way through to the 2000s. After that, Wilkinson tremolos were adopted.
ESP Japan (1980s and 1990s)
Electric Sound Products (ESP) of Japan began as a guitar repair shop in Shibuya, Tokyo in 1975. In 1979 they started a custom shop and established a presence in the United States in 1981. The company opened its own factory in Nagano, Japan in 1983. A second factory opened in 1986 in Sado Island, Niigata-ken Japan. During the 1980s and 1990s, the company was an OEM producer for several brands, most famously Kramer and Jackson. In 1990 ESP bought Schecter Guitars. Gotoh was the official hardware supplier for ESP and its sub-brands made in Japan. The company has, for the most part, been quite lefty-friendly. One of the few. ESP offers five brands:
Navigator was exclusive to the Japanese domestic market, consisting of high-end Fender and Gibson replicas. (The brand was discontinued July 31, 2025);
ESP is for the international market with high-end and intermediate guitars;
Edwards is ESP's Japan domestic market brand aimed at intermediate to advanced players since 1990;
Grassroots is ESP's entry-level brand for the Japanese domestic market since 1993; and
LTD is ESP's entry-level brand for the international market since 1996.
ESP Magician
(1983)
Status: Discontinued
The ESP Magician was the first ever publicly advertised, Japanese-made Floyd Rose final design, released just after Hanson Metalwork's initial run in the United States and several months before Schaller began production of their version. It later became the Fernandes Floyd Rose FRT-7 and formed the basis of all subsequent Fernandes proprietary systems.
The Magician was first announced in the July 1983 issue of Young Guitar magazine in the "Something New" section. It said:
ESP ファイン・チューナー付ロック・サドル・トレモロ MAGICIAN ¥50,000 フロイド・ローズ・タイプのトレモロ・ユニットにファイン・チューナーを取り付けたのがこのマジシャン。サドル部に設けられたファイン・チューナーにより、ミュート奏法の邪魔にならずに演奏でき、信頼性の高いプレイが可能である。このチューナーは何度でも正確なチューニングができ、チューニングの狂いを防ぐ効果もあるという優れもの。さらに、ステンレス製などの部品と特別加工されたプレートにより、音の伝導性が向上している | ESP Locking‑saddle tremolo with fine tuners MAGICIAN ¥50,000 The Magician is a Floyd‑Rose‑type tremolo unit fitted with fine tuners. Because the fine tuners are located at the saddle section, they do not interfere with palm‑muting and allow reliable, high‑precision playing. These tuners enable accurate tuning repeatedly and help prevent tuning drift. In addition, the use of stainless parts and specially processed plates improves sound transmission. |
It was then featured in ESP's August 1983 Export Catalog. The catalog lists the Magician as a standalone kit or factory option for ESP Custom Shop models.
ESP カスタム・ハードウェア：マジシャン・トレモロ・システム 世界初のフル・ファイン・チューナー・ロック・トレモロ。ダブル・ロッキングでピッチ・スタビリティを保証。ベンド・スチール・ベースプレート、T-ブロック・サドル、ナット/ワッシャー・アーム機構。ゴールド・フィニッシュオプションあり。対応モデル：Mirage SE-170, Navigator VHシリーズ。価格：¥50,000 (クローム)/¥55,000 (ゴールド)。 [Specs: Stud spacing 74mm; Knife-edge pivot; Compatible with locking nut.] | ESP Custom Hardware: Magician Tremolo System World's first full fine-tuner locking tremolo. Double-locking guarantees pitch stability. Bent steel baseplate, T-block saddles, nut/washer arm mechanism. Gold finish option available. Compatible models: Mirage SE-170, Navigator VH series. Price: ¥50,000 (chrome)/¥55,000 (gold). [Specs: Stud spacing 74mm; Knife-edge pivot; Compatible with locking nut.] |
It was etched with "MAGICIAN" in capital letters on the upper base. The product disappeared after the September 1983 catalog. A very rare example of a left-handed ESP guitar with the Magician is this 1983 ESP SE-260L.
ESP Synclear
(1987–1993)
Status: Discontinued
Beginning in 1987, ESP produced their licensed version of the Original Floyd Rose, called the Synclear tremolo. It was used on ESP and Edwards guitars and ESP's custom-shop Navigator brand.
The Synclear had some unique proprietary features while still based on Floyd Rose principles. Each saddle could be individually adjusted for correct intonation by way of a vertical hex screw on each saddle and a washer underneath that stopped it from moving when tightening the screw. This was later changed to a Floyd Rose-style saddle arrangement. The block is L-shaped, and the tremolo arm screws into the block. It has "ESP" on the tail and "Licensed Under Pat No 4549461 No 4497236" embossed upside down on the upper baseplate. It was produced until 1993.
The Synclear is not a straight swap for an Original Floyd Rose as the sides of the baseplate of the Synclear are oval. The post spacings, however are the same.
The Synclear was also produced left-handed. Examples of left-handed ESP guitars with the Synclear include this mid 80s left handed ESP Mirage Deluxe, this ESP Custom Shop left handed ESP Random Star, and this late 80s "parts bin" Japan-only left-handed ESP Kramer Focus 1000.
Jackson-Charvel
Jackson JT-6
(1987–1989)
Status: Discontinued
Jackson-Charvel used the Chushin Gakki factory in Nagano exclusively for its Japanese-made guitars. In 1987, the company commissioned Taiwanese company Ping Well to produce an OEM tremolo for its Japanese guitars. This was the JT-6. It replaced the Kahler tremolos in use up until this time.
The JT-6 is actually an exclusive Jackson proprietary system. It was different from original and OEM Floyds in that the fine tuners ran horizontally out the back of the unit along with the string lock screws rather than sitting vertically on the tail. The saddles also had string lock blocks with cover plates, making the whole saddle surface flat. It was embossed with "Licensed Under Floyd Rose Patents" on the tail, with "Jackson" on the front of the block and "Made in Taiwan R.O.C." on the back of the block. The block also had a sticker with "#40121587." The JT-6 has a distinctive rough hammered steel finish, even rougher than the Schaller Floyd Rose II. It was made of pot metal. Public reviews over the years suggest that they were not considered to be of good quality.
Jackson's left-handed Dinky model of that era came with this tremolo as did the left handed 1987 Charvel Model 3 and left handed 1988 Charvel Model 3. Another example (without the capped string blocks) is here: Charvel Model 3. Left hand versions of the 1987 Randy Rhoads, Soloist, and Strat-body models could be custom ordered. The JT-6 was standard for each. It was replaced in 1990 with the Takeuchi TRS-101.
Kaman Music Corporation
KMD Double Locking Tremolo System
(1988–1994?)
Status: Discontinued
Kaman Music Corporation is a U.S company that distributes multiple musical brands in the United States and was the owner of Ovation guitars and its sub brand Applause. In the early 1980s they released the Celebrity brand of solid body guitars and basses, priced to be between the Applause and Ovation brands, manufactured by Samick in Korea. These became the GTX range by Applause in 1988. Also, in 1988 Kamen acquired Hamer Guitars. Kaman and Hamer were bought out by Fender Musical Instruments Corporation (FMIC) in 2008.
The Applause GTX Series were beginner guitars made to compete with the lower-end B.C Rich, Kramer, and Jackson superstrats. They were very cheaply made, with plywood bodies and cheap electronics, but came with Ping Well tuners. Hamer quickly became the popular brand for solid body guitars and the Applause GTX range was dropped in 1994.
The GTX superstrats came with a proprietary double locking tremolo called the "KMD double locking tremolo system" which was Kaman's effort to produce an unlicensed Floyd Rose. This tremolo has "KMD" stamped on the upper baseplate. It has an L-shaped block with no other ID or information anywhere. It has horizontal fine tuners, and the strings are fed from underneath through the block. It is unique in that it has no "tail." Today, the KMD would be one of the rarest non-genuine Floyd Rose style tremolos ever.
Somehow, this tremolo ended up on what appears to be a non-catalog version of the 1988 Aria Pro II XR Series. These guitars have one humbucker and two slanted single coil pickups and a reverse headstock. Left hand models were made, such as this 1988 XR Series and this 1988 XR Series.
Author's comment: 1987 was a transitional time for Aria Pro II. Matsumoku had closed down in February of that year, and production had moved offshore to Samick in Korea, so it is possible that this KMD product was used as a stopgap measure while Jin Ah was tooling up to produce their version of the ACT-3. The body and specs of this XR orphan look like GTX guitars. Samick built both brands. I have no proof of this conjecture.
Glossary of Terms
Batch-produced: Stock products manufactured in limited runs, not custom orders.
Custom order: Made-to-order units, often with long lead times or higher cost.
License stamp: “Licensed Under Floyd Rose Pats.” on a tremolo post-2008 does not indicate an active agreement — it’s legacy tooling or marketing.
Licensed Floyd Rose: A tremolo made under official Floyd Rose branding but by a third-party manufacturer.
Low profile: refers specifically to Floyd‑type bridges where the saddle lock bolts are located inside the tail of the bridge (as on the Takeuchi TRS-PRO, Ibanez Lo‑Pro Edge/Edge Pro), not simply to units marketed as having a lower overall height.
N.O.S. (New Old Stock): Unused parts from discontinued production runs.
OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer): A third-party company that produces parts for other brands.
OFR: Original Floyd Rose. Applies to the modern FRT100 Series currently made in the USA and formerly made in Germany.
Proprietary: An in-house design, self-branded and used only for the company's own products, usually manufactured by an OEM. For example, the Jackson JT6 tremolo was a property of Jackson-Charvel in the United States, manufactured by OEM Ping Well of Taiwan.
Tremolo: A musical effect where the volume (amplitude) of a note is rapidly modulated, producing a pulsating or shuddering sound. It is distinct from vibrato, which otherwise affects pitch, not volume. For decades this term has been technically misused to describe pitch-bending effects such as those produced by guitar vibrato systems.
Upcharge / Surcharge: An upcharge is an extra charge for an additional service or option, while a surcharge is an extra charge added to the standard cost, often for specific circumstances.
Vibrato: A musical effect where the pitch of a note is varied up and down, usually rapidly, creating a warbling or wavering sound. This expressive technique adds warmth and richness to music, commonly used by singers and instrumentalists.
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